Respiratory System - Quick Notes

Flashcards
Respiration: Process of releasing energy from assimilated food.
Inhalation: Intake of air into the lungs due to diaphragm contraction.
Exhalation: Expulsion of air out of lungs due to diaphragm relaxation.
Alveoli: Air sacs where exchange of gases occurs between air and blood.
Haemoglobin: Protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen.
Bohr Effect: Decrease in pH reduces oxygen carrying capacity of blood.
Definitions
  • Respiration: Process of releasing energy from assimilated food.
  • Inhalation: Intake of air into the lungs.
  • Exhalation: Release of air out of the lungs.
  • Alveoli: Tiny air sacs in lungs where gas exchange occurs.
  • Haemoglobin: Protein in RBCs that transports oxygen.
Important Formulas & Units
  • Cellular Respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP
  • Oxygen in blood: 97-98% carried by RBC, 2-3% by plasma
  • O2 content per gram of Haemoglobin: 1.34 ml
  • Volume of air per minute: 6000 - 8000 ml
  • Water vapor released per day: 400 ml
Memory Tricks
  • NPLTBBBA: Nostril → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchiole → Alveoli
  • "Oxy-Hemo = Life" – Oxygen is transported via Hemoglobin.
  • Remember RBC = Oxygen Carrier and CO2 via Plasma + RBC + Bicarbonate.
  • BOHR = Bad pH – Low pH reduces oxygen capacity.
How to Make It Easy
  1. Start with understanding the flow of air: Nose → Alveoli
  2. Watch 1-minute animated videos on each organ
  3. Draw labeled diagrams repeatedly
  4. Use flashcards for terms like Hypercapnia, Hypoxia, etc.
  5. Revise flashcards before bed every night for 5 days